Although untested in current Syrian hostilities, the 250-mile-range S-400 is Russia's state-of-the-art air defense system, and the $2.5 billion sale marks a dramatic departure from the common interoperability standards expected of a NATO country.
The inevitable outcome is that Turkey’s putative allies will simply close off Turkey’s airspace to combined air operations, and any defensive scenarios as all NATO aircraft and Turkey’s air defense batteries will automatically view each other as hostile military targets when the S-400 systems go operational.
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